同位素稀释质谱在化学计量学中的应用

The Application of Isotopic Dilution Mass Spectrometry to Chemical Metrology

  • 摘要: 本文扼要地叙述了同位素稀释质谱(IDMS)及其在化学计量学中的应用。用具有天然丰度的国家一级标准物质作稀释剂,借助IDMS标定浓缩同位素溶液的浓度,而后,用被标定过的浓缩同位素作稀释剂,为研制中的化学标准物质定值。对多数复杂的基体样品,用混合酸在微波炉内消解,用离子交换法进行元素分离。试验用水和试剂经石英亚沸蒸馏器或离子交换法进一步纯化,取决于待别样品的性质,样品的装载使用单灯丝组件或双灯丝组件。对高电离电位元素,在用单灯丝组件时,用高纯硅胶和磷酸作热电离时的电离增强剂,便于提高离子的发射效率。多位法拉第筒和二次电子倍增器组成的探测系统,对多同位素元素进行同时多接收测量。完备的测量软件有效地监督和调整离子源的电参数与法拉第筒的位置。因质量岐视而产生的分馏效应,在实验过程中基本被消除。遵照上述方法,完成了Li、K、Mg、Fe、Cu、Ni、Ca、Mo、Pb和Ce、Nd、Sm、Er、Gd、Dy、Er、Yb的IDMS测量。测过的基体有酸雨,奶粉、贻贝、大米粉、高纯试剂、深海沉积物等国家一级标准物质。在CIPM组织的IOMS三次国际比对研究中,取得了好的成绩。

     

    Abstract: This article briefly describes the method and applications of isotopic dilution massspectrometry (IDMS). The Certified Reference Ma terials with natural isotopic abundancewere used as primary materials to certify the conccntration of enriched isotope byIDMS. Then certified enriched isotopes were used as a spike to certify unknown elementscontent in the standard reference materials by IDMS. With the methods described in thepaper, we have respectively finished determination of Li, K, Mg, Fe,Cu, Ni, Cd, Mo, Pb,etc. The determined matrixes included acid rain, mussel, urine, deep-sea sediment. Wehave got very good achievements in three international compare with IDMS.

     

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