Abstract:
Two-center three-electron (2c3e) bonded disulfide complexes are of particular interest in biology and chemistry. This type of bonding is responsible for the stability of many ion-molecule clusters or long-lived radical intermediates widely encountered in many applications of organic chemistry, biology, and chemical catalysis. In this paper, disulfide-water radical cation complexes, derived from the gas-phase reaction between H
2O
+· and disulfides (
RS-S
R, R=methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl or tert-butyl) were studied using tandem mass spectrometry and isotope-labelling experiment for exploring the characteristic of 2c3e bond inside these complexes.Interesting chemistry was revealed through the dissociation of
RS-S
R+H
2O
+· complexes. For example, CH
3S-SCH
3+H
2O
+· (m/z 112) would predominantly give product ions of m/z 66 and m/z 65 with 16% collision energy (CE), by the loss of CH
2=S (46 u) and CH
3S· (47 u), respectively, indicating the cleavage of the disulfide bond in the ionic complex of m/z 112. Similarly, when ethyl or propyl group replaced methyl group,
RS-S
R+H
2O
+· complexes would also produce the disulfide bond cleaved product. However, when isopropyl or tert-butyl group was in the disulfide,
RS-S
R+H
2O
+· would mainly generate
RS-S
R+· by the loss of H
2O. It was proposed that
RS-S
R+H
2O
+· (R=methyl, ethyl, or propyl) with relative low steric hindrance mainly generated two ions of
R1SH+H
2O
+· and
R2SOH+H
+, revealing that the bond strength between S and O was more stable than the bond strength between S and S in
RS-S
R+H
2O
+·. While
RS-S
R+H
2O
+· (
R=isopropyl and tert-butyl) with large steric hindrance mostly produced ions of RS-SR
+· by loss of H
2O, suggesting that the bond strength between S and S was more stable than the bond strength between S and O in
RS-S
R+H
2O
+·. These results indicated that 2c3e bond in
RS-S
R+H
2O
+· with low steric hindrance should be the form of S∴S
+, while 2c3e bond in
RS-S
R+H
2O+· with large steric hindrance should be the form of S∴O
+. The experimental results may shed light on advanced studies about the 2c3e bonded disulfide-water radical complexes, better for understanding the life process involving 2c3e bonded disulfide in peptides and proteins.