Abstract: Accurate and efficient ion dissociation techniques have a very important impact on tandem mass spectrometry. The quadrupole ion traps are capable of storing ions and performing ions selective storage or ejection and multiple mass spectrometer analysis, which make it ideal for implementation of various dissociation within quadrupole ion trap techniques. A series of dissociation within quadrupole ion trap technologies have been developed for the need of molecular structure identification in research work such as mass spectrometry and it promoted the development of related instruments and applications at the same time. In this paper, the ion dissociation within quadrupole ion trap methods were reviewed, which included two categories depending on whether it depended on background gas based on a brief description of the geometric structure of ion trap and the motion law of ions in ion trap, among them, the dissociation technology depending on the background gas collision could be divided into two categories of resonance excitation and non-resonance excitation. This paper generalizes the implementation process, dissociation characteristics and applications of each dissociation technology, and summarizes the problems of various dissociation technologies and future research directions.