QMS法研究反应动力学初探

A Preliminary Research into Study of Kinetics of a Reaction by Quadrupole Mass Spectra Method

  • 摘要: 选择具有一种气体产物i的溶液反应作为研究对象;使用AGA-100型四极质谱(QMS)仪跟踪检测反应在不同时间t时气体产物的浓度X_i,推导出了各级反应的X_i对t的函数关系式,从而找到了求取反应级数n与速度常数k的方法;通过测定不同温度下的k值还可以求出反应的表观活化能E_(?)。 选择重氮盐Cl-N_2~+Cl~-的热致水解反应作为例子,用该法做了它的动力学研究,求出了n=1和k=5.41×10~(-4)S~(-1)(55℃)及E_(?)=8.05×10~4J·mol~(-1)。实验表明,所得结果与文献值一致,用QMS法进行反应动力学研究是可行的。

     

    Abstract: In this paper, the reaction in solution which have a gaseous result(ⅰ) is chosen as an object of study. By AGA- 100 model quadrupole mass spectrometer, the concentration (X_i) of the gaseous result was tracked and measured at varying reaction time(t). From deducing functional relations of X_i vs. t for varying order of the reaction, the way from which the order (n) of this reaction and rate constant(k) can be obtained is found. By measuring (k) at varying temperature, also the apparent activation energy (E_a) can be gained.The thermal hydrolysis reaction of diazonium salt Cl N_2~+Cl~- was used as an example. To study its kixetics by this method, the result is that n=1, k=5. 41×10~(-4)S~(-1) (55℃) and E_a=8.05×10~4J·mol~(-1). What we get is consistent with those results from documents. So using method of quadrupole mass spectra to study kinetics of a reaction is feasible.

     

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