Abstract: Chromatography-mass spectrometry is a modern analytical technique, which combines the ability of high resolution of chromatography and identification of mass spectrometry, and fully reflects the superiority of chromatography and mass spectrometry. This paper presented the definition and classification of health foods, summarized the types of illegal chemicals that may be spiked in common health foods, introduced the status of illegal chemical analysis in health foods, and according to the classification of effectiveness of health foods, summarized the application of chromatography-mass spectrometry combined technology, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry mainly, on illegal chemical analysis in health foods in recent years.